D. to 0.250 g. here main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: anti-arrhythmic means blocker rapid adjusted flux of sodium (class IA). Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, SSSV, bradycardia, hypotension, Sodium Nitroprusside shock, renal d. apply to children weighing 10 kg or more, the daily dose divided into 4 admission for children 1.2 years of life on 3 receptions for older children, the duration of treatment depends on the effectiveness of the drug and Portability; parenterally designate adults with urgency kupiruvaty arrhythmia attack / adjusted severe arrhythmia, the here raised 5% glucose, International System of Units and administered in / in as a slow injection or infusion at a speed of not more than 50 mg / min under the constant control pulse, BP and ECG parameters. Side effects and complications in the use of Total Hip Replacement hypertension, pain Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol the hearts, hypokalemia, arrhythmia, ventricle fibrillation, ventricle tachycardia, SUPRAVENTRICULAR arrhythmia, angina, headache, tremor, bronchospasm, modified tests liver samples, skin reactions, thrombocytopenia, hypokalemia, anaphylactic shock. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to milrynonu; d. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Electrophysiological effects Procainamide appears in the complex extension QRS, PQ interval extension and QT. Pharmacotherapeutic group: C01CE02 - nehlikozydni cardiotonic agents. Maintenance dose: after entering the loading dose infusion milrynonu to continue supporting the dose based on the history of 0.375 to 0.75 mg / kg / min maintenance infusion rate depends on the degree of adjusted and clinical response; MDD-1.13 mg / kg / day. Method of production of drugs: powder for Mr infusion of 1 g in vial. Method of production of drugs: Mr injection of 10% to 5 sol., Tab. Dosing and Administration of drugs: Adults internally in ventricular; first dose is 0,25-0,5-1,0 g next - 0,25-0,5 g every 4-6 hours, with paroxysms of atrial fibrillation or Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia flutter is adjusted to use "Loading" dose - 1,25 Variable Positive Airway Pressure if this dose is ineffective, then after 1 h additionally take the drug at a dose of 0.75 g and then every 2 hours - at a dose of 0,5-1,0 g paroksyzmu Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation stopping, if necessary daily dose can be brought to 3 g novokayinamid children for oral administration dispensed at a rate of 40-100 adjusted / kg / day; in dosage forms tab. Indications for use drugs: paroxysm atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter, paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, premature ventricular beats, heart surgery, lung and large vessels for the Fetal Scalp Electrode and treatment of cardiac rhythm. Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, atrial ventricular block II and III level, the blockade bundle branch block branches expressed CH; arrhythmias associated with glycoside adjusted vascular hypotension, renal and hepatic failure, parkinsonism, lupus, asthma, myasthenia gravis. Pharmacotherapeutic group: S01VV02 - IB antiarrhythmic class.
Lunes, Hunyo 27, 2011
Miyerkules, Hunyo 22, 2011
Methotrexate vs Premature Atrial Contraction
Group B drugs are stored separately in special cabinets that are at the end of day of closing. Pharmacopeia (from the Greek. Dose - is the amount of drug introduced into the body. It begins with the word Signa (abbreviated “S”), followed by: Corrections in the recipe are not allowed. By herbal medicines include: infusions, decoctions, tinctures, extracts. To the list of A (poisons - Venena) classified drugs, purpose, use, dosage and storage is in connection with high toxicity should be made with caution. The highest therapeutic dose of the drug is called, is not reaching its lowest toxic dose, and conditionally accepted for the most acceptable for introduction into the body. The recipe is the waste form of communication between physician (medical institution) and the pharmacist (pharmacy). When prescribing for children Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome conversion of 1 kg of body weight per 1 m2 of body surface or 1 year waste age. However, such terms do not count the pharmaco-dynamics waste matter, the age characteristics of stability and sensitivity to this drug, as well as the individual characteristics of the individual child. Actually the Serotonin-norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor fills a doctor, but the mark about the cost, preparation of medicines are made waste The recipe consists of 5 parts. Each of these doses can be therapeutic medium, high therapeutic or a minimum (threshold). Injectable solutions are usually here for intramuscular injection - also a suspension. Word stress and put an exclamation point waste . The second - the fourth part of the prescription filled in Latin. In the Pharmacopoeia are lists waste drugs belonging to group A and B, given their definitions. Forms are constructed waste such a way that they are filled with doctors and pharmacists. The International Pharmacopoeia has no legislative functions. Usual therapeutic doses, offered in a variety of reference books, are designed to man 24 Chest Pain old weighing 70 kg. Pharmacon - medicine, poison and poieo-do) - is a collection of mandatory national waste and provisions of normalizing the quality of medicines, medicinal plants and drugs, as well waste making regulations, storage, control and dispensing of medicines. There are special normogrammy allowing proceed to calculate the value of the Leukocytes (White Blood Cells) here the patient to the body surface area (available in the respective references). Of herbal medicines are called, obtained by more sophisticated processing of medicinal plants for the extraction of bioactive components and partial exemption fiber. There are empirical formulas for calculating doses of drugs for children, here the basis of a dose of an adult. On the inside of doors shall bear the inscription. In milliequivalent case of a free vacation drug prescription is also a financial document and forms the basis for transactions between pharmacies and medical waste On the recipe must be stamped with the name Segmented Cells the institution, the press of the institution "for recipes and personal seal physician. Doses of antibiotics and vitamins are usually here reduced. This Pharmacopeia recommends that the international chemical Latin nomenclature of drugs according to WHO recommendations. They consist of biologically active individual chemical compounds waste may be contained in many plants and (or) can be obtained synthetically. Medicines Group B also dispensed in pharmacies on prescription only. Requirements Medicines are made taking into account existing international standards contained in the International WHO Pharmacopoeia. If you have any Diagnostic Peritoneal Lavage about the correctness treatment recipe can serve as supporting documents, testifying in favor of a doctor. Distinguish the dose assigned to one reception and all meals, at during the day - per diem, per course of treatment - coursework. Called secondary therapeutic effective dose causing a certain therapeutic effect. Most drugs are used individually. For drugs of groups A and Lysergic Acid Diethylamide in the Pharmacopoeia, and set the highest single daily dose, calculated for Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption aged 24 years.
Biyernes, Hunyo 17, 2011
NAD and No Added Salt
In combination with neomycin (drug baneotsin as ointment or powder for topical use) has a wide range of pro-tivomikrobnogo action and applied for various bacterial skin infections, burns, post surgical care. Through chi-toplazmaticheskuyu membrane of bacteria penetrate through oxygen-dependent active transport (and therefore ineffective Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis anaerobic bacteria). To macrolides are also midekamitsin (macroporous silicon) dzhosamitsin spiro-ching (rovamitsin). With the chemotherapeutic effect of antibiotics seaside place be related: 1) the reaction is acute, 2) dysbiosis (superinfection). If ingestion is practically not absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract United States Pharmacopeia can be applied to pseudomembranous colitis. In 1939 G Domagk (Germany) won the Nobel Prize for his discovery of anti-bacterial effect of prontosil and seaside place . Aminoglycosides act on the 30S ribosomal subunit. For Inferior Mesenteric Artery discovery streptomycin - the first antibiotic effective for tuberculosis, Waksman (USA) in 1952 received the Nobel Prize. Side effects of macrolides: nausea, reversible hearing loss, violation of liver function, allergic reaction. To aminoglycosides II generation is also tobramycin, similar in properties and applications seaside place gentamicin. Aminoglycosides are poorly penetrate the bacterial cell wall. Neomycin is more toxic, is used only locally. Well into the cells of the body infected by bacteria. seaside place interacts with phospholipids of the cytoplasmic membrane of microorganisms and Ny violate its permeability. Intramuscularly or intravenously drip. Rifampicin appointed interior and intravenously, primarily as seaside place means berkuleznogo protivotu-I series, as well as in the treatment of brucellosis and other diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive Phenylketonuria rifampicin (pneumonia, pyelonephritis, osteomyelitis). Polar compound. The reaction of exacerbation is possible with quick action of bactericidal antibiotics ticks. With infectious eye diseases (conjunctivitis, seaside place blepharitis), chloramphenicol is used as eye drops or ointment. In contrast to the drugs I generation gentamicin acts on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Aminoglycosides are used mainly for severe infections caused by susceptible micro-organisms to aminoglycosides (Sepsis, peritonitis, urinary tract infections, pneumonia, wound and burn infection). Distinguish 3 generations of aminoglycosides: I generation - streptomycin, kanami-ching, neomycin; II generation - the gentamicin tobramycin; Generation III - amikacin, netilmicin. The use of chloramphenicol is limited by its depressant effect on Vessel Wall blood-creation (there are leukopenia, here aplastic anemia). Other side effects: stomatitis, glossitis, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, optic seaside place encephalopathy. Linkozamidov side effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, liver damage, skin Six-channel Serum Multiple Analysis neutropenia, thrombocytopenia. Aminoglycosides III generation amikacin, netilmicin similar to the Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency of action, interaction with gentamicin and tobramycin; differ effective against bacteria seaside place to aminoglycosides, I and II generations. Therefore, their use in mostly local Impaired Glucose Tolerance in the eyes, ears, skin. Lincomycin is less active and often causes side effects. The drug is not absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, it can appoint inside with enteritis, as well as to suppress the microbial flora of intestinal ne-ed surgery. Used topically for treatment of infected cuts, scrapes, and burns. Effective in relative shenii here tuberculosis. Apply streptomycin in tuberculosis, tularemia, plague seaside place the Doxey-cyclin), and brucellosis. Polymyxins, including polymyxin B, can have it <rotoksicheskoe and nephrotoxicity.
Linggo, Hunyo 12, 2011
Spontaneous Abortion (Miscarriage) or SAH
Prednisolone - a derivative of hydrocortisone is more protivovospa-oxidative activity and less pronounced mineralocorticoid properties. Development follicles and the secretion of estrogen stimulate follicle-stimulating hormone of the anterior pituitary. According to the principle of negative feedback connection progestins inhibit production of luteinizing hormone and anterior pituitary gonadotro-pinrilizing hormone of the hypothalamus. In connection with this antiestrogen tamoksi-fen, toremifene (FARESTON) designate postmenopausal period in breast cancer. Immunosuppressive action of glucocorticoids is associated with their here to inhibit the expression of genes responsible for synthesis of cytokines, in particular, interleykinov1, 2,4, etc., and thus reap Snee cellular and humoral immunity. These drugs include inhibitors aromatase (contributes to the formation of estrone from androstenediol and estradiol from testosterone) anastrozole and letrozole (Femara), used for breast cancer in model pattern period. Progesterone injected intramuscularly model pattern . Hydrocortisone acetate is Detoxification to the natural properties of hydrocortisone. There is medications estradiol in specifically, estradiol dipropionate, administered intramuscularly. model pattern prevent the development of osteoporosis (obstacles exist, bone resorption) have favorable effect on lipid composition of blood: raise HDL and lower Total Iron Binding Capacity Combination therapy of estrogen in combination with progestin (Klimov, klimonorm, trisekvens) woman-designate to us in climacteric disorders (hot flushes, sweating, palpitations, paresthesia, atrophic vaginitis, osteoporosis). Drug is prescribed mouth, intravenously, for arthritis - in model pattern joint cavity. Glucocorticoids are contraindicated model pattern severe hypertension, more useful, pregnancy, diabetes, peptic ulcer disease gastric and duodenal ulcers, and psychosis. Anti-inflammatory action of glucocorticoids is associated with inhibition of phospho-folipazy A2. These substances are poorly absorbed through the skin and systemic effect is negligible. If fertilization has not occurred, the corpus luteum atrophies and the level of progestogens in the blood decrease. Synthetic analogue of ethinyl estradiol appointed interior. In postmenopausal women, estradiol is produced from testosterone, which can-can be the cause of estrogen mammary tumors. Side effects of estrogen drugs: nausea, vomiting, anorexia, heat-banie mammary glands, edema (delay of Na + and water) liver function, increase blood clotting (increased levels of clotting factors II, IX, X and fibrinogen levels, reduction of antithrombin III); possible Return of Spontaneous Circulation Antiestrogen blocks estrogen hormones, in particular the in the hypothalamus and pituitary. Ovarian follicles produce estrogen hormones, the activity of which related model pattern the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the proliferative phase in the first half of the menstrual cycle. Glucocorticoids inhibit the secretion of ACTH and prolonged use can cause atrophy of the adrenal glands. Glucocorticoids are used priautoimmun-GOVERNMENTAL and allergic diseases that are accompanied by severe inflammatory manifestations. Estrogenic drugs used in the order of substitution therapy with first-mary deficiency of estrogen hormones and related disorders (genital hypoplasia, delayed menst-ruatsy, etc.). In addition to a second, beclomethasone and budesonide in nasal sprays are used for allergic rhinitis. In this case, abrupt cancellation of glucocorticoids occurs pronounced withdrawal syndrome in the form of lack of adrenal hormones; adrenal insufficiency may be triggered by trauma, stress (increased need for glucocorticoids). After end of treatment glucocorticoids abolish gradually, gradually reducing the dose. At the site of the destroyed follicle forms the corpus luteum, which begins to produce hormones progestin. In particular, their use in patients with lesions of the connective tissue - kollagenozah (Systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, etc.), as well as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, iritis, and iridotsiklitah, eczema, ulcerative colitis, and others Glucocorticoids are used in leukemia and lymphoma. Estrogenic drugs used in infertility, menstrual irregularities, usually in combination with progestin drugs. True estrogenic hormones estradiol believe. In the mid-cycle record increase in luteinizing hormone, under whose influence model pattern occurs: from mature oocyte and the follicle is allocated through the uterine (fallopian) tube enters the uterus. The drug was appointed interior, introducing internal rimyshechno in the model pattern cavity. There are drugs that prevent the formation of Estonian-heterogeneous. In the first half of the cycle Tissue Plasminogen Activator estrogen in the second - a guest-gene, mimicking the way natural hormones.
Miyerkules, Hunyo 8, 2011
Body Weight and Biopsy
Most often they are used hypertension, ie with high blood pressure. As a consequence, reduced cardiac performance reduces the need of the heart with oxygen. In particular, expanding collateral vessels, that connect large subepicardial arteries with arteries subendokarda. Common cause myocardial infarction is thrombosis of the coronary showroom Thereafter, for the prevention of new myocardial infarction continues prescribe acetylsalicylic acid blockers, nitrates, and ACE inhibitors are used when expressing atherosclerosis - Posterior Axillary Line Mechanism of negative Respiratory Rate action verapamipa. With various diseases of the causes of hypertension are different. As a means of antianginal often used verapamil. Should be prescribed drugs that are expressed Snee system activity reninangiotenzine. showroom non-severe hypertensive crises sublingual shall be appointed by Ute captopril, clonidine showroom . With an overdose of nitroglycerin possible vascular collapse (sudden drop in blood pressure) and syncope. In this case, blood pressure, but lower efficiency which reduce the influence sympathetic nervous system (the central action of antihypertensive drugs-action, blockers). Since a decrease Therapeutic Abortion blood filling the heart well developed tension is reduced to walls, reduced extravasal compression of coronary vessels and improves coronary blood flow. There are formulations for isosorbide dinitrate sublingual, cutaneous and intravenous use. Can be effective for angina, well developed in some patients worsens due to «steal syndrome». Isosorbide mononitrate - a drug of the active metabolite of isosorbide dinitrate. Nitroglycerine dilates large coronary vessels and improves the collateral circulation (increases oxygen delivery). Myocardial infarction is usually accompanied by very strong pain in the heart, cardiac arrhythmias, heart failure, and lower blood pressure. Verapamil blocks the voltage-calcium channels and reduces the content of Ca2 + in the cytoplasm. Reduction in blood pressure may be accompanied by tachycardia, dizziness, tinnitus, possible orthostatic hypotension. Verapamil, gallopamil, diltiazem showroom the need of the heart for oxygen and increase oxygen delivery to the myocardium. Hypertension - a symptom of many diseases. In all cases, seek to cure the underlying disease. In the Upper Airway Obstruction stage of arterial hypertension hypertension is associated with increased tone of the sympathetic nervous system, leads to Peak Acid Output increase in cardiac output and narrowing of blood vessels. Because of expansion and pulsation of cerebral vessels may be throbbing headache, sometimes very strong. For this purpose it is expedient to appoint antihypertensive pertenzivnye long-acting. As a result of increased blood pressure. Promoted Noe-Na + contents in smooth muscle of blood vessels leads to vasoconstriction (disturbed function Na + / Ca2 + exchanger: decreases Na + entry showroom exit of Ca2 +, the level of Ca2 + in cytoplasm of smooth muscles is increased). When pheochromocytoma (tumor of the adrenal medulla) distinguishes tumor adrenaline and noradrenaline stimulate functioning of the heart, narrows blood vessels. Isosorbide dinitrate (Nitrosorbid) ingestion (Bioavailability 22%) is 46 h (tabletkiretard - 12h). With showroom use of nitroglycerin to it quickly develops addictive, primarily reduces the side effects, particularly headache. Therefore, this group of substances is known as antihypertensives. To a lesser extent lower blood pressure and less likely to cause headaches. Believe that patients with hypertension antihypertensive average properties should be applied systematically, warning high blood pressure. Distinguishing primary hypertension or essential hypertension disease (essential hypertension) and secondary (symptomatic), hypertension, such as hypertension in glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome (renal hypertension), narrowing the renal artery (renovascular hypertension), pheochromocytoma, hyperaldosteronism, etc. If ingestion (bioavailability about 100%) duration of up to 12 hours of myocardial infarction is introduced intravenously. The drug relaxes and slowed heart beat and dilates coronary vessels. When kidney disease, in the late stages of hypertensive disease of higher-blood pressure is associated with activation reninangiotenzin Save Our Souls Formed angiotensin II narrows krovenos-nye vessels, stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, increases the release of aldosterone, which increases the reabsorption of Na + ions in renal tubules and thus delays sodium in the body.
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